So for the new study, researchers used data on more than 700 women from the UK Maternal Vitamin D Osteoporosis Study - a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pregnant women allocated to take supplements of 1000 IU/day vitamin D from around 14 weeks' gestation until they gave birth, versus those allocated to a matched placebo.
After adjusting for breastfeeding duration, which was longer in the intervention group, the odds ratio of atopic eczema at age 12 months was significantly reduced among infants of the mothers who took active supplements.
According to the researchers, the study is the first randomised, controlled trial to show evidence of reduced risk of atopic eczema in infants of mothers who took vitamin D supplements during pregnancy.
Vitamin D deficiency is common
The MAVIDOS study team have pointed out that vitamin D insufficiency is common – affecting 30% of women in a recent Southampton cohort – and in pregnancy predicts reduced bone bass in the offspring. The team also recently reported that antenatal vitamin D supplementation had lasting benefits for the children's bone density at four years old.
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